History of Origin:
Origin of the Grape: Mourvèdre, also known as Monastrell, has a long and storied history dating back to ancient times. Its exact origins are uncertain, but it is believed to have originated in the region of Valencia in eastern Spain.
Spread to France: Mourvèdre found its way to France, particularly in the Provence region, during the Middle Ages. It became a significant grape variety in the southern Rhône Valley and, notably, in the Châteauneuf-du-Pape appellation.
Region of Origin:
Spain (Monastrell): The grape is native to Spain, where it is known as Monastrell. It is particularly associated with the regions of Jumilla and Yecla, where it thrives in the warm and arid climate.
France (Mourvèdre): In France, Mourvèdre is prominent in the Provence region, especially in Bandol. It is a key component in the red blends of Châteauneuf-du-Pape in the southern Rhône Valley.
Origin of Name:
The name “Mourvèdre” is believed to have originated from the town of Murviedro in Valencia, Spain. The alternate name “Monastrell” has ties to the grape’s cultivation around monasteries in Spain during the Middle Ages.
Cultivation Regions:
Mourvèdre has adapted to various wine regions worldwide, thriving in warm and dry climates. Besides Spain and France, it is cultivated in regions such as:
- Australia: Particularly in regions like McLaren Vale.
- United States: Found in California, particularly in regions with a Mediterranean climate.
- Other Mediterranean Countries: It is grown in regions like Italy and Portugal.
Characteristics of the Variety:
Viticulture:
- Growth: Mourvèdre vines are robust and vigorous, with a tendency to produce small, thick-skinned berries.
- Adaptability: The grape is well-suited to warm and dry climates, displaying resistance to drought conditions.
Wine Characteristics:
- Flavor Profile: Mourvèdre wines often showcase dark fruit flavors, including blackberry and black cherry, complemented by savory notes such as black pepper, leather, and sometimes earthiness.
- Tannins: High tannin levels contribute to the wine’s structure, making it suitable for aging and development.
- Acidity: Moderate to high acidity lends balance and freshness to the wines.
- Alcohol Content: Wines produced from Mourvèdre grapes often have higher alcohol content, contributing to their full-bodied nature.
Winemaking and Blends:
- Blends: Mourvèdre is frequently used as a blending grape, contributing depth and complexity to blends, such as those found in Châteauneuf-du-Pape and Bandol wines.
- Winemaking Techniques: The grape responds well to various winemaking techniques, including extended maceration and barrel aging, enhancing its structure and flavor profile.
Conclusion:
Mourvèdre/Monastrell is a versatile grape variety with a rich history, originating in Spain and spreading to become a key player in the winemaking regions of France and beyond. Its ability to thrive in warm climates, coupled with its unique flavor profile, has made it a beloved grape for both single-varietal and blended wines. Whether expressed as Monastrell in Spain or Mourvèdre in France, the grape continues to captivate wine enthusiasts with its bold and complex characteristics.
