Glera is a white grape variety primarily known for its use in the production of Prosecco, a sparkling wine from the Veneto region in northeastern Italy. Here is a comprehensive description of Glera:
History of Origin:
Glera has ancient origins, and its cultivation can be traced back to the Roman times in the Veneto region of Italy. Historically, it was often referred to as “Prosecco,” both as the grape variety and the wine produced from it. However, to avoid confusion with the protected designation of origin (PDO) for Prosecco, the grape was officially renamed Glera in 2009.
Region of Origin:
Glera is primarily associated with the Veneto and Friuli Venezia Giulia regions in northeastern Italy. Within Veneto, the Conegliano-Valdobbiadene and Asolo regions are particularly renowned for producing high-quality Glera grapes for Prosecco.
Origin of Name:
The name “Glera” is believed to have ancient roots, possibly derived from the Latin word “glarea,” meaning gravel. This may refer to the gravelly soil in which the grape traditionally thrives. The name change from Prosecco to Glera was implemented to protect the Prosecco designation and enhance the regional identity of the wine.
Cultivation Regions:
Glera is mainly cultivated in the Veneto and Friuli Venezia Giulia regions of Italy. The grapevine is well-suited to the hilly terrain, and the altitude of the vineyards contributes to the grape’s balanced acidity and aromatic profile. Additionally, Glera has gained popularity in other wine-producing regions around the world, but the majority of its cultivation remains concentrated in Italy.
Characteristics of the Variety:
- Vine: Glera vines are vigorous and have large, cylindrical clusters of medium-sized, winged berries.
- Climate: Glera thrives in a temperate climate with well-drained soils, and it is particularly well-suited to the hilly landscapes of its native regions.
- Aroma and Flavor: The grapes typically exhibit floral and fruity aromas, with notes of green apple, pear, and peach. Glera wines are known for their refreshing and crisp character, making them ideal for sparkling wine production.
Characteristics of the Wine:
- Prosecco: The most famous wine produced from Glera is Prosecco, a sparkling wine that can range from dry (brut) to sweet (dolce).
- Sparkling Method: Prosecco is often made using the Charmat method, where the secondary fermentation, responsible for creating the bubbles, occurs in large stainless steel tanks rather than individual bottles.
- Taste Profile: Prosecco wines made from Glera are generally light, effervescent, and have a zesty acidity. The flavor profile includes citrus, green apple, and floral notes, with a persistent and lively effervescence.
Glera, through its association with Prosecco, has become a symbol of Italian sparkling wine, appreciated worldwide for its approachability and versatility.
